Inside the Massive Effort to Sequence All of Europe’s Lepidoptera

Researchers are embarking on a massive effort to sequence all 11,000 species of moths and butterflies in Europe as part of Project Psyche, a component of the Earth BioGenome Project. The expedition in the Italian Alps involves trapping, identifying, and sampling moths for genome sequencing. The genomes of these insects provide insights into evolution, biodiversity, and agricultural impacts. Challenges include capturing diverse species, especially micromoths, and annotating the vast amount of genetic data generated. Advances in genome sequencing, bioinformatics, and long-read RNA sequencing are crucial for the success of these ambitious projects.