ARPANET standardized TCP/IP on this day in 1983 — 43-year-old standard set the foundations for today’s Internet

In 1983, ARPANET switched from the Network Control Program (NCP) to the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), setting the stage for the modern Internet. TCP/IP's open, vendor-neutral, and extensible nature led to its widespread adoption, connecting over 100 institutions by 1984. Designed by Dr. Vinton Cerf and Dr. Robert Kahn, TCP/IP introduced key features like congestion control and end-to-end reliability, laying the groundwork for protocols like HTTP and SMTP. Despite competing proprietary protocols like IBM's SNA and Xerox's XNS, TCP/IP's versatility and compatibility across devices propelled its success as the standard for global networking.